According to the Columbia University College of physicians and surgeons Complete Guide to Early Childhood Care, autism is defined as a childhood cognitive disorder characterized by self-centeredness, solitary, late development of speech, inability to relate to and a tendency to get involved ritualistic, repetitive movements.
This condition is among a group of disorders that include Asperger's disorder, Rett syndrome and childhood disintegrative disorder. In some cases autism is genetic or other prenatal damage can occur to the brain. Some features of autism include serious lack of social interaction, language difficulties and the likelihood of repetitive actions and a narrow focus of interest.
In children, some of the earliest signs of autism are failure to engage in prolonged eye contact, lack of emotional expressions with another person, and not engage in shared visual attention. Autistic children rarely use gestures as a form of communication, and its language can appear to reflect a lack of sensitivity to others ' perspectives. In the language, most children have difficulty with the pronoun I and you, what differentiates recognizing that two people in a conversation with different perspectives. It becomes increasingly evident that the child lives in a world of its own, where speech, facial expressions and other forms of communication are absent or unintelligible. Sometimes, some words are spoken, but are repeated several times without apparent reason.
An autistic child cannot distinguish between other people, other living things and inanimate objects and can treat them all equally. It may not be able to assess situations and therefore can react inappropriately to them. Some children with autism behave unpredictably. The child can become extremely upset if the furniture is reorganized at home or if he or she is brought in a new but friendly around. The same child can also be run on a busy street without any sign of fear.
The child can be stirred a moment and then sit completely still, in a strange position for a long period of time. Autistic children can adopt unusual postures and mannerisms that can make people uncomfortable around her. Autism occurs more often in boys than in girls and there is always a risk of injury if an autistic child is left without supervision, because he or she has difficulty acknowledging the danger.
Autism is the fastest growing development, and their frequency seems to be on the rise. It is affecting nearly one in every 150 births.
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